MMCA Glossary of Terms & Technologies
ATA on MMC Specification Ver. 1.0 - The interface
designed especially for small form factor disk drives in next-generation
portable consumer electronic (CE) devices.
The version 1.0 specification is the first work to be
released by the MMCA “ATA on MMC” Technical Sub-Committee. The Committee was
formed in June 2004 to address the growing needs of low-power hard disk drive
(HDD) data storage solution for small CE devices. The “ATA on MMC” interface
specification enables HDDs to leverage the MMC bus already supported on many CE
products. It is a cost-effective solution to implement HDDs in small systems
with low pin count, low voltage, and efficient power management.
Compliance Testing – Compliance testing allows MMCA
members to assure hardware and software compatibility of their cards with the
MultiMediaCard standard. MMCA does not currently test host compliance.
Compliance testing is performed on MMCA-approved testers and test
programs. Card compliance certification
is issued to manufacturers who have successfully completed compliance
self-testing and submitted test results to the MMCA office.
e-MMC™ - A trademark and product category of a class of
embedded memory module products built on the joint MMCA/JEDEC MMC Standard
specification. e-MMC™ is the first product standard from the MMCA/JEDEC
partnership. e-MMC describes an architecture comprised of an embedded storage
solution with MMC interface, Flash memory and controller, all in a small BGA
package. It is based upon the industry-standard MMC System Specification v4.x
and JEDEC BGA packaging standards. With interface speeds of up to 52 MB per second,
e-MMC provides fast scalable performance. It also allows for an interface
voltage of either 1.8v or 3.3v. Accordingly, e-MMC supports a wide range of
applications in consumer electronics, wireless, navigation, industrial uses,
and other areas.
Flash Memory – Flash memory is a semiconductor memory
technology that allows data and information to be stored, erased and reused
without degradation over extended periods, much like the magnetic media in
floppy disks and hard disk drives. Unlike floppy disks or hard disk drives,
however, Flash memory has no moving parts and consumes less power.
MultiMediaCards incorporating Flash memory are a great way to store and
transfer data among different electronic devices. For example, a user can take
pictures on a digital camera or mobile phone, save it on a MultiMediaCard, view
the pictures on a PC, and make prints on a printer or at a photo kiosk.
JEDEC - JEDEC is the leading developer of standards for
the solid-state industry. Almost 2,500 participants, appointed by over 300
companies, work together in 50 JEDEC committees to meet the needs of every
segment of the industry, manufacturers and consumers alike. The publications
and standards that they generate are accepted throughout the world. All JEDEC
standards are available online, at no charge.
miCARD™ - miCARD™ is a multiple interface 12 mm x 21 mm x
1.95 mm storage card designed for easy data interchange between MMC and USB
devices. When used in portable devices such as cameras, smart phones and PDAs,
miCARD takes advantage of the low power consumption and high performance
characteristics of the MMC interface. The sleek and versatile miCARD then
allows consumers to transfer that media-rich content to PCs, printers and home
entertainment appliances by inserting the card directly into those devices’
existing USB connectors – without the need for dedicated card slots or separate
card readers.
MMCmicro™ – MMCmicro™ card is a micro-size form factor of
MultiMediaCard (14 x 12 x 1.1 mm), and is designed for use in a new generation
of mobile phones and small consumer electronics devices. MMCmicro cards offer
high transfer speeds of up to 26MB/s.
Many memory card manufacturers now offer MMCmicro cards. MMCmicro cards
can also be used in devices with a regular MMC or SD slot with means of a
mechanical adapter.
MMCmobile™ – MMCmobile cards come in the reduced-size MMC
form factor (18 x 24 x 1.4mm). In addition to the required features of MMCplus
cards, MMCmobile cards operate at both 1.65-1.95V and 2.7-3.6V ranges as a
requirement. The smaller size and dual operating voltage ranges are ideal for
mobile phone and other portable device applications where space saving and
extended battery life are essential.
When operating at 26MHz and the optional 52MHz clock
frequencies in x8 bit mode. MMCmobile cards can attain a maximum data transfer
rate of 26MB/sec and 52MB/sec, respectively that meet current and future
requirements of the target market applications. MMCmobile cards are also
backward compatible with legacy host devices that were built to previous
MultiMediaCard standards.
MMCplus™ – MMCplus cards come in the standard-size
MultiMediaCard form factor (32 x 24 x 1.4mm) feature 2.7-3.6 V operation, 26MHz
clock frequency, and support x1, x4 and x8 bus widths. 1.65-1.95V operation and
52MHz clock are optional. MMCplus cards are ideal for digital imaging and other
data intensive applications such as digital music on consumer electronic
devices.
When operating at 26MHz and the optional 52MHz clock
frequencies in x8 bit mode, MMCplus cards can attain a maximum data transfer
rate of 26MB/sec and 52MB/sec, respectively that meet current and future
requirements of the target market applications. MMCplus cards are also backward
compatible with legacy host devices that were built to previous MultiMediaCard
standards.
Multi-Level Cell Technology (MLC) - Multi-Level-Cell
refers to a technique to store more than 1 bit of data per memory cell in Flash
memory, enabling it to store more information than conventional Flash memory
that stores 1 bit of data per cell.
MultiMediaCards (MMCs) – MultiMediaCards are among the
world’s smallest, removable solid-state memory cards available for use in many
handheld electronic devices such as digital cameras, cellular phones and MP3
players, where size and power consumption matters. MMCs store digital music,
games, address books and photos, enabling a myriad of applications on small
consumer electronics devices.
MultiMediaCard Association (MMCA) - The MultiMediaCard
Association (MMCA) is the open standard memory card organization that promotes
worldwide adoption of storage media, embedded and removable memory standards,
and peripheral I/O devices designed especially for mobile phones and digital
imaging devices. The MMCA enables a myriad of applications to come together and
share digital media content. The MMCA oversees standardization activities for
removable storage media, including MMCplus, MMCmobile and MMCmicro cards;
SecureMMC; ATA on MMC; miCARD; MMC I/O and e-MMC. Founded in 1998, the MMCA
provides a global forum for memory card and semiconductor component suppliers,
software vendors and manufacturers of mobile electronic devices. They jointly
endorse and promote the worldwide adoption of MultiMediaCards and the MMC
standards.
NAND Flash – NAND Flash is the popular Flash memory
technology that is efficient and suitable for mass data storage
applications. NAND Flash memory forms
the core of the removable USB interface storage devices including most memory
card formats available today.
Open Mobile Alliance
(OMA) - OMA is a specification setting organization focused on developing
interoperable mobile data services based on market requirements. OMA’s External
Liaison Program is designed to allow OMA to collaborate with outside organizations
and standards bodies, like MMCA, and ensure broad industry participation in the
development of these open, interoperable industry solutions.
PKI – Public Key Infrastructure is a set of policies,
processes and technologies used to verify, enroll and certify users of a
security application. A PKI uses public key cryptography and key certification
practices to secure communications, including the Certificate Authority (CA),
key directory and management. Other components, such as key recovery and registration,
may be included. The result is a form of cryptography wherein each user has a
public key in which messages are encrypted when sent, and a private key to
decrypt incoming messages.
SecureMMC specification – Concerns about fraud and piracy
of digital content draw attention to the needs of security on mobile handsets.
The MMCA has defined and adopted a flexible SecureMMC interface specification
that allows the integration of strong security measures based on smart card
technology, to enable Digital Rights Management (DRM) schemes such as OMA DRM
2.0 and future security applications to be imple-mented on MMCplus, MMCmobile
and MMCmicro Card from factors.
SPI – The Serial Peripheral Interface is a
general-purpose synchronous serial interface originally found on certain
Motorola microcontrollers. A virtually identical interface can now be found on
various other microcontrollers as well.
TRM - Tamper Resistant Module provides several means of
protecting stored data, as well as securing certain operations from being
interrupted or corrupted. There are several levels of temper resistance,
ranging from simple software scrambling to a fully hardware shielded
microcontroller including several sensors and filters. The latter are usually
used in SmartCards and provide the highest level of security against all known
attack scenarios such as probing, differential power analysis (DPA), brute
force and others. Any attack attempt which is recognized by the security
controller may either result in an alarm on the chip, which immediately stops
its current operation, or in case of tampering, may result in the deletion of
security relevant data in the storage such as secret keys.
MMCplus™, MMCmobile™, MMCmicro™, e-MMC™ and miCARD™ are
trademarks of MultiMediaCard Association (MMCA). Company/product names mentioned may be
trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders and are used
for identification purpose only.